據彭博社報道，近期美國多家銀行倒閉，致使信貸條件進一步收緊，更多小企業稱獲得貸款的難度加大。全美獨立企業聯盟（NFIB）10日公布的一項調查顯示，頻繁借款的小企業主中有9%認為融資比三個月前更困難，創下了2012年12月以來最高紀錄。9%的受訪者預計，未來3個月信貸環境將更為嚴峻，這追平10年來的最高水平。

A net 9% of owners who borrow frequently said financing was harder to get compared to three months earlier, the most since December 2012, according to a survey from the National Federation of Independent Business out Tuesday. The same share expects tougher credit conditions in the next three months, matching the highest level in a decade.
全美獨立企業聯盟（NFIB）10日公布的一項調查顯示，頻繁借款的小企業主中有9%認為，與三個月前相比融資更加困難，創下2012年12月以來最高水平。9%的受訪者認為未來三個月信貸條件將進一步緊縮，達到十年來的最高水平。

“Small-business owners are cynical about future economic conditions,” Bill Dunkelberg, NFIB chief economist, said in a statement. “There are major uncertainties ahead, most immediate is concern that a banking crisis could develop.”
NFIB首席經濟學家比爾·敦克爾伯格在一份聲明中說："小企業主對未來的經濟狀況持懷疑態度。未來存在嚴重的不確定性，最緊迫的問題是擔心銀行危機可能持續。"

The collapse of four banks in March, most notably Silicon Valley Bank and Signature Bank, prompted many lenders to tighten standards on business loans. That’s made it even more difficult for smaller firms to borrow, compounding what was already a tough financing environment after a year’s worth of interest-rate hikes from the Federal Reserve.
三月份，硅谷銀行、簽名銀行等四家銀行倒閉，促使許多銀行收緊商業貸款的標準。小企業獲得貸款的難度則更大，令美聯儲持續加息一年后本已嚴峻的融資環境雪上加霜。

The dimmer news on credit, along with a deteriorating outlook for sales and expansion plans, helped drive the NFIB’s small-business optimism index down 0.8 point to a three-month low of 90.1 – well below pre-pandemic levels.
鑒于信貸方面消息更加悲觀，加之銷售和擴張計劃前景惡化，NFIB將小型企業樂觀指數下調0.8至90.1，這是近三個月的低點，遠低于疫情前的水平。

Some 26% of owners who borrow said they paid a higher interest rate in March compared to three months earlier, the biggest share since 2006.
約26%的借款小企業主表示，3月利率比三個月前更高，創下2006年以來的最高比例。

Even though credit is getting a bit more difficult, it ranks well below inflation and quality of labor as the single biggest problem for small businesses.
雖然融資難度略有上升，但其對小企業構成的挑戰遠不及通脹和勞動力質量。

The share of owners who say they believe the next three months will be a good time to expand fell to the lowest since 2009, the report showed. Firms also dialed back capital spending plans.
報告顯示，認為未來三個月將是擴張好時機的小企業主比例降至2009年以來最低。小企業也縮減了資本支出計劃。

The survey also showed a net 15% said they expect weaker sales in the next three months, the largest share since August.
調查還顯示，有15%的受訪者預計未來三個月銷售更為疲軟，這是自去年8月以來最高水平。

編輯：董靜，李蕙帆（實習）